Effects of Social Culture in Turkey on Whistleblowing in Organizations: An Evaluation in the Context of Hofstede’s Cultural Dimension Theory
Türkiye’de Toplumsal Kültürün Örgütlerde İhbarcılık Üzerine Etkisi: Hofstede’in Kültürel Boyutlar Teorisi Bağlamında Bir Değerlendirme
Abstract
Notification to internal and external authorities of illegal or unethical activities that have taken place in organizations is defined as whistleblowing. In recent years, it seems that interest in the issue of whistleblowing has increased in organizations. Because act of whistleblowing point to a process that has individual, organizational and social consequences. Especially as a result of external whistleblowing, organizations may lose reputation and face financial burdens. For this reason, in recent years, internal notification mechanisms have been started to be established by organizations. There are many factors that can influence the approach of whistleblowing. The aim of this study is to determine and evaluate the impacts of social culture on whistleblowing in Turkey. Towards this end, social culture in Turkey is addressed in the context of Hofstede's Theory of Cultural Dimensions. Also in the study, the obstacles to the institutionalization of whistleblowing in organizations have been discussed in terms of each dimension. According to Hofstede's classification, Turkey is one of the countries where "low individualism, high collectivism", "high power range", "high uncertainty avoidance" and "medium feminine" cultural characteristics. It is concluded that, each cultural dimension has an impact on whistleblowing and social cultures in Turkey often do not support whistleblowing. However, taking legal and organizational measures to protect individuals from the negative consequences of whistleblowing can reduce existing drawbacks. Thus, effective whistleblowing policies can be found at the social and organizational level.
Keywords
Whistleblowing, Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory, Indiv
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