Formatting Guidelines

Click here to download the Word template

Paper Size and Orientation

  • Paper size: A4 (21 cm × 29.7 cm / 8.27 in × 11.69 in) and portrait orientation.
  • Margins: 1.5 cm on all sides.

 

Font and Text Formatting

  • Font: Times New Roman
  • Font size:
    • Article title: 14
    • Headings and subheadings, table/figure titles: 11 pt
    • Main text: 11 pt
    • Abstract, table/figure notes, references, and footnotes (if any): 10 pt
  • Paragraph spacing:
    • Main text: 6 pt before and after
    • Table contents: 0 pt before and after
    • Introduction, main headings, and subheadings: 18 pt before and after
    • Table titles (above the table): 18 pt before, 0 pt after
    • Figure titles (below the figure): 0 pt before, 18 pt after
    • Table/figure notes or sources: 0 pt before, 18 pt after
    • References: 6 pt before and after
  • First line indent (paragraph indent):
    • Headings: none
    • Main text: none
    • References: hanging indent (0.5 cm)
  • Line spacing:
    • Main text: 1.5 lines
    • Others (headings, titles, tables, notes): Single
  • Hyphenation: None (no hyphenation at line breaks)

 

Abstract and Keywords

  • Both Turkish and English abstracts must be between 100 and 200 words.
  • Each manuscript must include a minimum of 3 and a maximum of 6 keywords.
  • The use of conjunctions (e.g., and, with) in keywords should be avoided where possible.
  • Repetition of the same words in keywords should be avoided.
  • Keywords should be kept as concise as possible.
  • For manuscripts written in Turkish, the English title, abstract, and keywords are mandatory.
  • For manuscripts written in English, the Turkish title, abstract, and keywords are not mandatory.

 

Headings, Figures, and Tables

  • All headings must be written in sentence case (only the first letter and proper nouns should be capitalized).
  • The article title must not exceed 15 words, including conjunctions (and, or), prepositions (of, in, for), and articles (the, a, an).
  • No blank lines must be inserted above or below headings or table/figure titles.
  • Table titles must be placed above the table, and figure titles (e.g., images, graphs) must be placed below the figure.
  • Tables and figures must be numbered consecutively in the order in which they appear in the text and must follow a single numbering sequence throughout the manuscript (e.g., Table 1, Table 2, Figure 1, Figure 2).
  • Bold type must not be used except for headings and table/figure numbers (TABLE 1., FIGURE 1.).
  • Table notes or sources must be placed below the table, and figure notes and sources must be placed below the title.
  • Grayscale should be preferred in tables and figures, and color should only be used when strictly necessary. Figures must be aligned with the text (set to “In line with text”).
  • A consistent design should be maintained across all tables as far as possible (Please refer to the Word template).
  • Where possible, all tables and figures should be prepared by the author. Reproduced images should be avoided.
  • Figures and tables (including their titles) must be left-aligned. Tables should be justified to both margins where possible.

 

Other Rules

  • Manuscripts must be between 5000 and 10000 words.
  • The manuscript must be anonymized. Author information and any details that may reveal the author (e.g., derived from a thesis) must not be included in the text.
  • If a special font is required, the font file must also be submitted.
  • It is recommended that hyperlinks be removed from web addresses in the main text. They may be retained in the reference list.
  • Authors must not include headers, footers, or page numbers.
  • Abstracts and texts written in a language other than the author’s native language should undergo professional proofreading prior to submission to ensure clarity and accuracy.
  • If these guidelines are not followed, the editorial office may request resubmission of the manuscript in compliance with the rules.

 

 

Declarations

All manuscripts submitted to JAVStudies must include a “Declarations” section. This section must be placed at the end of the manuscript, before the references. The Declarations section must include the following components:

  • Ethical Declaration
  • Funding
  • AI Disclosure
  • Conflict of Interest
  • Authors Contributions (for multi-authored manuscripts)
  • Acknowledgments (if applicable)

Authors must prepare this section in accordance with the journal’s Declarations Policy and by using the structure provided in the Word template.

 

APA 7 Reference Style Guidelines

These guidelines are intended to ensure that references comply with APA 7 (American Psychological Association) standards. Unless otherwise specified, all references must include the author’s surname and initials, year of publication, title of the work, publication details, and access information.

  • Citation–reference consistency is mandatory. Works that are not cited in the manuscript must not be included in the reference list. Likewise, all cited works must appear in the reference list.
  • References must be listed alphabetically by the author’s surname. Works by the same author must be ordered chronologically. If both author and year are identical, they must be distinguished as, for example, 2025a, 2025b.
  • Book and journal titles must be italicized. Article and book chapter titles must be written in plain text without quotation marks.
  • If available, DOIs must be presented in the format https://doi.org/xxx and no period should be placed at the end of a URL.
  • The ampersand (&) must be used only between the (final) two authors.
  • Access dates for web sources and publication location (geographical information) for books are not required in the reference list.
  • Sources published in non-Latin alphabets (e.g., Russian, Arabic, Chinese) must be transliterated into the Latin alphabet in the reference list. Where necessary, the original title may be provided in square brackets.
  • Reference lists may be formatted using artificial intelligence tools in accordance with APA 7. However, each reference should be checked individually after formatting to prevent potential data loss.

 

Use of Page Numbers in In-Text Citations

  • Authors are encouraged to include page numbers in in-text citations throughout the manuscript.
  • Whichever citation style is adopted (with or without page numbers), it must be applied consistently throughout the manuscript. However, page numbers are mandatory for direct quotations within quotation marks.

 

 

In-Text Citation Examples

 

Page preference:

(Gujarati, 2009, p. 365)

(Gujarati & Porter, 2009, p. 144)

(Ay et al., 2019, p. 45; Verberi, 2020, p. 164; Atar, 2015, p. 30)

No page preference:

(Gujarati, 2009)

(Gujarati & Porter, 2009)

(Ay et al., 2019; Verberi, 2020; Atar, 2015)

(JAVStudies, 2025)

Abbreviating Organisation Names:

First citation: (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD], 2021)
Subsequent citations: (OECD, 2021)
Narrative citation: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2021) or Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD, 2021)
Citation referring to a specific slide in the presentation: (OECD, 2021, Slide 12)

Narrative citation:

According to Ersoy (2017), ...

Ersoy (2017) argues that ...

Table / Figure sources:

Source: (Gujarati, 2009)

 

Examples of References

 

Books

 

Single author book

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the book. Publisher.

Example:

Ayub, M. (2007). Understanding Islamic Finance. John Wiley & Sons.

 

Book with two authors

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of the book. Publisher.

Example:

Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2009). Basic econometrics. McGraw-Hill.

 

Books with three or more authors

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., & Author, D. D. (Year). Title of the book. Publisher.

Example:

Grosh, M., Ninno, C., Tesliuc, E., & Ouerghi, A. (2008). For protection and promotion: The design and implementation of effective safety nets. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank.

 

Translation book

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the book (A. A. Translator & B. B. Translator, Trans.). Publisher. (Original work published Year)

Example:

Ayub, M. (2017). İslami finansı anlamak (S. A. Çürük & R. Parlakkaya, Trans.). İktisat Yayınları. (Original work published 2007)

Rowley, J. (1996). Bilginin düzenlenmesi: Bilgi erişimine giriş (S. Karakaş, H. Ü. Can, A. Yıldızeli, & B. Kayıran, Trans.). Türk Kütüphaneciler Derneği. (Original work published 1992)

 

Editorial book

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the chapter. In A. A. Editor & B. B. Editor (Eds.), Title of the book (pp. xx–xx). Publisher.

Example:

Smith, J. A. (2020). Ethical challenges in global finance. In R. K. Johnson & L. M. Perez (Eds.), Contemporary issues in financial studies (pp. 45–68). Oxford University Press.

 

Book with no identified author

Title of the book. (Year). Publisher.

Example:

The Australian Oxford dictionary (3rd ed.). (1999). Oxford University Press.

 

 

Articles

 

Single authored article

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the article. Journal Title, volume(issue), xx–xx. https://doi.org/xxxxx

Example:

İlgün, M. F. (2015). Kamu sosyal harcamalarının gelir dağılımı üzerindeki etkisi: OECD ülkelerine yönelik panel veri analizi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 17(4), 493-516. https://doi.org/10.16953/deusbed.80724 

 

Two authored article

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of the article. Journal Title, volume(issue), xx–xx. https://doi.org/xxxxx

Example:

Meschi, E., & Vivarelli, M. (2009). Trade and income inequality in developing countries. World Development, 37(2), 287-302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2008.06.002 

 

Article with three or more authors

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of the article. Journal Title, volume(issue), xx–xx. https://doi.org/xxxxx

Example:

Eroğlu, N., Altaş, D., Ün, T., & Ulu, M. İ. (2017). OECD ülkelerinde sosyal yardım harcamalarının gelir dağılımına etkisi: Panel veri analizi. Uluslararası Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 3(3), 335-354. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/792862 

 

 

Other Source Types
 

Dataset

Organization. (Year). Title of the data set [Data set / Indicator]. DOI or URL

Example:

OECD. (2020). Income inequality [Indicator]. https://doi.org/10.1787/459aa7f1-en

World Bank. (2020). Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (national estimate) [Indicator]. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.NE.ZS

 

Unpublished thesis

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the thesis [Unpublished master’s/doctoral thesis, University].

Example:

Çelik, S. (1999). Üniversite kütüphanelerinde personel yönetimi ve Türkiye’de durum [Unpublished master’s thesis, İstanbul University].

 

Online thesis or dissertation

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the thesis (Thesis No. xxxx) [Master’s/Doctoral thesis, University]. Repository. URL

Example:

Verberi, C. (2019). The effects of the individual retirement system on savings and capital markets in Turkey (Thesis No. 574461) [Master’s thesis, Istanbul University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/TezGoster?key=jNRDC1RLfVd4_T7x7ZXmmYf7gGLboB_qFGD-sjtWKilFQ-uWY4I91q8lN3vkYDI3 

 

Patent

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the patent [Patent No. xxxx]. Issuing Authority.

Example:

Sugözü, İ. H. (2014). Online news network [Patent No. TR201006041B]. Turkish Patent Institute.

 

Conference papers / proceedings

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of the paper. In A. A. Editor & B. B. Editor (Eds.), Title of the proceedings (pp. xx–xx). Location.

Example:

Sugözü, İ. H., & Duyshobay Kızı, A. (2023). Is the Fisher or Neo-Fisher effect valid in Asian countries? A panel data analysis on the causality between inflation and interest rates. In Abstracts & proceedings ICOPEC 2023 (pp. 65–74). 14th International Conference on Political Economy (ICOPEC), Istanbul, Turkey.

 

Newspaper article

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of the article. Newspaper Title.

Example:

Schultz, S. (2005, December 28). Calls made to strengthen state energy policies. The Country Today.

 

Institutional or unauthorized internet resources

Author/Organization. (Year, Month Day). Title of the webpage. URL

Example:

OECD. (2001, January 24). Decoupling: A conceptual overview. https://www.oecd.org/agriculture/agricultural-policies/25481500.pdf

İbn Haldun Üniversitesi İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi. (2017). Yazar rehberi. https://journal.ihu.edu.tr/index.php/ihu1/about/submissions 

TCMB. (2021, 21 Temmuz). Başkan Şahap Kavcıoğlu'nun enflasyon raporu 2021-IIIün tanıtımına ilişkin bilgilendirme toplantısında yaptığı sunum (Ankara). https://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/d272aadc-c685-47b5-84f7-c49b12b5646a/SunumB29_07_2021.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CACHEID=ROOTWORKSPACE-d272aadc-c685-47b5-84f7-c49b12b5646a-nIbVIU5 

If page numbers are used:

JAVStudies. (2025, October 10). Author guidelines. https://javstudies.com/?mod=sayfabilgi&alt_sayfa_id=110 

If page numbers are not used:

JAVStudies. (n.d.). Author guidelines. https://javstudies.com/?mod=sayfabilgi&alt_sayfa_id=110 

 

 

Updated: January 2026