OECD Ülkeleri İçin Elektrik Tüketimi, Kentleşme, Ticaret Açıklık ve Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi
Author :
Abstract
Ekonomik büyüme gelir artışına neden olacaktır. Gelir artışı da enerjiye olan talep artışına sebebiyet verecektir. Dolayısıyla, elektrik tüketimi, kentleşme ve ticari açıklık ekonomik büyümenin artırılması için önemli faktörlerdir. Bu nedenler elektrik tüketimi, kentleşme, ticari açıklık ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin 1971-2014 dönemi için 28 OECD ülkesinde araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Dört değişken arasındaki uzun vadeli ve nedensellik ilişkilerini tespit etmek için panel eşbütünleşme, FMOLS (tam değiştirilmiş en küçük kareler), DOLS (dinamik en küçük kareler) ve Dumitrescu ve Hurlin nedensellik testi yapılmıştır. FMOLS ve DOLS tahmincilerinden elde edilen bulgular, uzun dönemde elektrik tüketimi, kentleşme, ticari açıklık ve ekonomik büyüme arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir. Dumitrescu- Hurlin nedensellik testinin sonuçları, elektrik tüketimi ve ekonomik büyüme arasında çift yönlü, ticari açıklık ve ekonomik büyüme arasında çift yönlü, kentleşme ve ekonomik büyüme arasında tek yönlü nedensellik olduğunu göstermektedir.
Keywords
Abstract
Economic growth will lead to income growth. The increase in income will also lead to an increase in demand for energy. Because of, electricity consumption, urbanization and trade openness are important factors for in order to increase economic growth. Therefore, It is aimed to investigate the relationship between electricity consumption, urbanization, trade openness and economic growth for the period 1971-2014 in 28 OECD countries. Panel cointegration, FMOLS (Full Modified Ordinary Least Squares), DOLS(Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares) and Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality tests were performed to determine long-term and causal relationships between four variables. Findings from the FMOLS and DOLS estimators showed a positive relationship between long-term electricity consumption, urbanization, trade openness and economic growth. The results of the Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test show that there is between bidirectional electricity consumption and economic growth, bidirectional between trade openness and economic growth and between unidirectional urbanization and economic growth.
Keywords
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